questions for topic 11

(try answer the questions, then move the pointer below the question to see the answer)

  1. What is linguicism?
    the view that it is acceptable to criticize people for using language differently than the way the critic uses language
  2. What is the difference between accent and dialect?
    accents are different in phonological features only (i.e., the same words in the same meaning and order are pronounced differently), dialects are also different in morphological, syntactic, and semantic features (i.e., different affixes, different word order, same words with different meanings, different words used for the same meaning, etc.), note that accent also means a diacritic mark on vowels, as well as the strongest stress in a word
  3. What is a realizational accent difference?
    it is a difference between two accents that does not affect the systems, only elements which are pronounced differently, i.e., two elements that are different in one accent are also different in the other accent
  4. What is an example of a realizational accent difference in English?
    the vowels of face and goat are pronounces as diphthongs in CUBE, [ej] and [əw], but as monophthongs in Scottish Standard English, [e] and [o], as well as in Hunglish, [eː] and [oː]
  5. What is a systemic accent difference?
    it is a difference between two accents that does affect the systems, i.e., two elements that are different in one accent are pronounced the same in the other accent
  6. What is an example of a systemic accent difference in English?
    the vowels of palm and lot are different in CUBE, but these two lexical sets have the same vowel for many American speakers
  7. What is a distributional accent difference?
    it is a difference between two accents where some element occurs in a wider or narrower set of environments in one accent than in another
  8. What is an example of a distributional accent difference in English?
    postconsonantal yod occurs after (some) alveolar consonants in CUBE, but not in General American, so the distribution of yod is narrower in GA than in CUBE
  9. Why are nonnative accents of English relevant?
    because English is one of the few languages that have more nonnative speakers than native speakers

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