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5.neutrality:5.3.antiharmony

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5.neutrality:5.3.antiharmony [2021-08-05] Péter Szigetvári5.neutrality:5.3.antiharmony [2021-08-09] (current) László Fejes
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   ; Hungarian F/B harmony   ; Hungarian F/B harmony
-  : Antiharmonic stems containing one /i(ː)/ are not rare, e.g. all the verbs with  /iː/ with  but /t͡ʃiːp/ ‘pinch; nip’ are antiharmonic. However, stems containing two or more vowels /i(ː)/ are never antiharmonic, except for the cases when a back vowel is deleted from the stem before a suffix: /ʃim-iːt/ ‘smooth; level; plane; even (v)’ from /ʃimɒ/ ‘smooth; even; plain (adj.)’; or when a stem without a free allomorph is antiharmonic itself: /viʃ-iːt/ ‘shriek; scream; shrill; squeal’ (cf. /viʃ-ong/ ‘shriek; scream; shrill; squeal (freq.)’. Antiharmonic stems with /eː/ are exceptional: /t͡seːl/ ‘aim, goal, purpose’, in addition, some stems can be antiharmonic due to the deletion of a back vowel: /beːniːt/ ‘paralyse’ from /beːnɒ/ ‘lame’.  Antiharmonic stems with /ɛ/ are even more exceptional: there are two examples, in which /ɛ/ freely alternates with /ɑː/. In the case of  /ʃvɛjt͡s-bɛn/ ~ /ʃvɛjt͡s-bɒn/ ~ /ʃvɑːjt͡s-bɒn/ ‘Switzerland-INE’, the stem forms with /ɛ/ are substandard. In the case of  /ʃpɛjz-bɛn/ ~ /ʃpɛjz-bɒn/ ~ /ʃpɑːjz-bɒn/ ‘pantry-INE’, all the forms are nonstandard. In addition, there is one word, which is antiharmonic completely exceptionally: /dɛreːk-bɒn/ ‘waist-INE’, /dɛrɛk-ɒ/ ‘waist-3SG’.+  : Antiharmonic stems containing one /i(ː)/ are not rare, e.g. all the verbs with  /iː/ with  but /t͡ʃiːp/ ‘pinch; nip’ are antiharmonic. However, stems containing two or more vowels /i(ː)/ are never antiharmonic, except for the cases when a back vowel is deleted from the stem before a suffix: /ʃim-iːt/ ‘smooth; level; plane; even (v)’ from /ʃimɒ/ ‘smooth; even; plain (adj.)’; or when a stem without a free allomorph is antiharmonic itself: /viʃ-iːt/ ‘shriek; scream; shrill; squeal’ (cf. /viʃ-ong/ ‘shriek; scream; shrill; squeal (freq.)’. Antiharmonic stems with /eː/ are exceptional: /t͡seːl/ ‘aim, goal, purpose’, in addition, some stems can be antiharmonic due to the deletion of a back vowel: /beːniːt/ ‘paralyse’ from /beːnɒ/ ‘lame’.  Antiharmonic stems with /ɛ/ are even more exceptional: there are three examples, in which /ɛ/ freely alternates with /ɑː/. In the case of  /ʃvɛjt͡s-bɛn/ ~ /ʃvɛjt͡s-bɒn/ ~ /ʃvɑːjt͡s-bɒn/ ‘Switzerland-INE’, the stem forms with /ɛ/ are substandard. In the cases of  /ʃpɛjz-bɛn/ ~ /ʃpɛjz-bɒn/ ~ /ʃpɑːjz-bɒn/ ‘pantry-INE’ and /ʃlɛjm-bɛn/ ~ /ʃlɛjm-bɒn/ ~ /ʃlɑːjm-bɒn/ ‘phlegm-INE’, all the forms are nonstandard. In addition, there is one word, which is antiharmonic completely exceptionally: /dɛreːk-bɒn/ ‘waist-INE’, /dɛrɛk-ɒ/ ‘waist-3SG’. Beside these, another bisyllabic stem containing unrounded front vowels is exceptionaly for historical reasons: /feːrfi/ ‘man, male’ is historically a compound the second constituent of which is the monosyllabic /fi/ ‘son, boy’, which is antiharmonic (nowadays /feːrfi/ is vacillating between front and back suffixes at least when those begin with a consonant).  
  
   ; Nganasan quasi-rounding harmony   ; Nganasan quasi-rounding harmony
   : Stems containing any of the harmonic vowels can be antiharmonic. In the case of the neutral vowel /ə/, it is also difficult to decide which kind of suffixation is antiharmonic: although it is an unrounded vowel, the number of stems containing no other vowel but /ə/ and taking suffixes belonging to one harmonic class or to the other is approximately equal.   : Stems containing any of the harmonic vowels can be antiharmonic. In the case of the neutral vowel /ə/, it is also difficult to decide which kind of suffixation is antiharmonic: although it is an unrounded vowel, the number of stems containing no other vowel but /ə/ and taking suffixes belonging to one harmonic class or to the other is approximately equal.
  
5.neutrality/5.3.antiharmony.1628199984.txt.gz · Last modified: 2021-08-05 by Péter Szigetvári